- Installation - Linux / Unix / macOS
- Downloading the Composer Executable
- Installation - Windows
Composer is a tool for dependency management in PHP. It allows you to declarethe libraries your project depends on and it will manage (install/update) themfor you.
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Dependency management#
Composer is not a package manager in the same sense as Yum or Apt are. Yes,it deals with 'packages' or libraries, but it manages them on a per-projectbasis, installing them in a directory (e.g.
vendor
) inside your project. Bydefault, it does not install anything globally. Thus, it is a dependencymanager. It does however support a 'global' project for convenience via theglobal command.This idea is not new and Composer is strongly inspired by node'snpm and ruby's bundler.
Suppose:
- You have a project that depends on a number of libraries.
- Some of those libraries depend on other libraries.
Composer:
Osx Zip Exclude Directory
- Enables you to declare the libraries you depend on.
- Finds out which versions of which packages can and need to be installed, andinstalls them (meaning it downloads them into your project).
- You can update all your dependencies in one command.
See the Basic usage chapter for more details on declaringdependencies.
System Requirements#
Composer requires PHP 5.3.2+ to run. A few sensitive php settings and compileflags are also required, but when using the installer you will be warned aboutany incompatibilities.
To install packages from sources instead of plain zip archives, you will needgit, svn, fossil or hg depending on how the package is version-controlled.
Composer is multi-platform and we strive to make it run equally well on Windows,Linux and macOS.
Installation - Linux / Unix / macOS#
Downloading the Composer Executable#
Composer offers a convenient installer that you can execute directly from thecommand line. Feel free to download this fileor review it on GitHubif you wish to know more about the inner workings of the installer. The sourceis plain PHP.
There are in short, two ways to install Composer. Locally as part of yourproject, or globally as a system wide executable.
Locally#
To install Composer locally, run the installer in your project directory. Seethe Download page for instructions.
The installer will check a few PHP settings and then download
composer.phar
to your working directory. This file is the Composer binary. It is a PHAR(PHP archive), which is an archive format for PHP which can be run onthe command line, amongst other things.Now run
php composer.phar
in order to run Composer.![Linux Linux](/uploads/1/3/7/2/137294587/499691624.jpg)
You can install Composer to a specific directory by using the
--install-dir
option and additionally (re)name it as well using the --filename
option. Whenrunning the installer when followingthe Download page instructions add thefollowing parameters:Now run
php bin/composer
in order to run Composer.Globally#
You can place the Composer PHAR anywhere you wish. If you put it in a directorythat is part of your
PATH
, you can access it globally. On Unix systems youcan even make it executable and invoke it without directly using the php
interpreter.![Osx Zip Directory Osx Zip Directory](/uploads/1/3/7/2/137294587/581659644.png)
After running the installer following the Download page instructionsyou can run this to move composer.phar to a directory that is in your path:
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If you like to install it only for your user and avoid requiring root permissions,you can use
~/.local/bin
instead which is available by default on someLinux distributions.Osx Zip Directory Tree
Note: If the above fails due to permissions, you may need to run it againwith sudo.
Note: On some versions of macOS the
/usr
directory does not exist bydefault. If you receive the error '/usr/local/bin/composer: No such file ordirectory' then you must create the directory manually before proceeding:mkdir -p /usr/local/bin
.Note: For information on changing your PATH, please read theWikipedia article and/or useyour search engine of choice.
Now run
composer
in order to run Composer instead of php composer.phar
.Installation - Windows#
Using the Installer#
This is the easiest way to get Composer set up on your machine.
Download and runComposer-Setup.exe. It willinstall the latest Composer version and set up your PATH so that you cancall
composer
from any directory in your command line.Note: Close your current terminal. Test usage with a new terminal: This isimportant since the PATH only gets loaded when the terminal starts.
Manual Installation#
Change to a directory on your
PATH
and run the installer followingthe Download page instructionsto download composer.phar
.Create a new
composer.bat
file alongside composer.phar
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Using PowerShell:
Add the directory to your PATH environment variable if it isn't already.For information on changing your PATH variable, please seethis article and/oruse your search engine of choice.
Close your current terminal. Test usage with a new terminal:
Using Composer#
Now that you've installed Composer, you are ready to use it! Head on over to thenext chapter for a short demonstration.
Basic usage →
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